历史
The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) was established in 1921 as the 国际航运会议. Delegations from 14 national shipowner associations (travelling, 当然, by ship) attending the first meeting in London which was hosted by the British association, 代表着当时航运业的主导国家.
The foundation of ICS was to some extent indicative of the new spirit of international co-operation that existed following the First World War. 然而, it also resulted from the perceived need for shipowners around the world to respond, 以协调的方式, to the new body of international maritime safety rules that was then being developed. In 1914, an international conference of governments had adopted the first Safety of Life at Sea Convention which had been prompted by the ‘Titanic’ disaster in 1912.
国际航运会议
The original 国际航运会议 only met infrequently as occasion demanded. In 1948, 然而, 该组织以现在的名称重组, which was also the year in which the International Maritime Organization (IMO) was established by a United Nations treaty. 在伦敦设立海事组织常设办事处之后, the principal function of ICS has been to co-ordinate the representation of the international industry’s views at IMO as it sets about developing a comprehensive regulatory framework for international shipping. ICS was amongst the very first non-governmental organisations to be granted consultative status at IMO in 1961. 然而, ICS has also developed close relationships with the various other international bodies that impact on shipping.
海事组织最初的重点是在1960年代, 因此ICS, was the development of technical regulations related to the safety of life at sea. 但为了应对国际海事组织各国政府不断扩大的议程, 在过去的40年左右, ICS越来越多地参与环境保护, 法律和保险问题, as well as the production of publications on best practice which are widely used throughout the industry. In 2002, ICS merged with the Council of European and 日本ese Shipowners’ Associations (CENSA), taking over responsibility for industry representation on trade and shipping policy issues.
These developments have resulted in a gradual expansion of staff working for ICS, 发展成熟的委员会结构, and an increase in membership of national shipowners’ associations which now covers about 80% of the world’s merchant tonnage.
国际航运联合会
The 国际航运联合会 (ISF) was established in 1909. Originally it was conceived as a strike-breaking organisation in response to the growth of organised labour and seafarers’ trade unions in the 1900s. 然而, ISF really took on its present identity in the 1920s following the establishment of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 1919. 最初是作为国际联盟的一部分成立的, the ILO still exists today as part of the United Nations located in Geneva.
ILO was established to develop international employment standards and, 独特的, ILO Conventions are developed on a tripartite basis with employers and unions also having votes as well as governments. 因为海上就业具有特殊的全球性, ILO established separate machinery for developing international labour standards applicable to shipping and following the first special ILO maritime conference in 1920, ISF has had the role of co-ordinating national shipowners’ representatives at ILO meetings, its opposite number being the International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF).
从1970年代开始, the role of ISF has expanded into other maritime employers’ issues, 包括培训标准和福利, reflecting the growth in the number of seafarers employed from developing countries. ISF also has an important role in representing maritime employers at IMO, 特别是关于海员适任标准.
ISF also works with a number of other international organisations the most notable being the World Health Organisation, The European Commission Department of Transport and Energy Social Policy Section and maritime welfare agencies.
ICS和ISF合并
ISF works to ensure that the needs of both shipowners and seafarers are met whilst maintaining a practical balance in the provision of services and working conditions.
ICS和ISF业务合并. 所有委员会现在都通过ICS进行管理. The ISF brand has been retained for external liaison purposes and to maintain leadership in UN agencies where it is established as the International Shipowners organisation specialising in Employment related matters.
Marisec
When ICS and ISF were originally established they were operated and staffed on a part time basis by the UK Chamber of Shipping and the British Shipping Federation.
In 1990, ICS和ISF秘书处合并的时候, a new company was established called Maritime International 秘书处 Services Limited (Marisec). Marisec is now owned by ICS and exists to provide staff and secretariat services to the two organisations. ICS and ISF are now completely separate from the UK Chamber of Shipping, although the relationship with the UK Chamber remains close as it is an important member.
Marisec also provides secretariat services to the International Support Vessel Owners Association (ISOA) and from time to time provides services to other organisations.